This article explores Pope Francis's papacy, highlighting his focus on pastoral care, social justice, Vatican reforms, and interfaith dialogue. It examines his vision, implemented reforms, and the challenges he faces while modernizing the Church.

This article examines colonialism's evolution from ancient practices to European expansion, highlighting its global impact. It covers early forms, the Age of Exploration, the Scramble for Africa, colonial administration, resistance, decolonization, and lasting legacies.